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# of Reports as of
February 11, 2005 1,105 1) xanthones (plural) 306 2) xanthone (singular)

21 3) mangosteen30 4) mangostin4 5) garcinone35 6) Garcinia Mangostana

*Antiproliferation, *antioxidation and induction of *apoptosis by Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) on SKBR3 human breast cancer cell line
Primchanien Moongkarndi, , a, Nuttavut Kosema, Sineenart Kaslungkab, Omboon Luanratanac, Narongchai Pongpanc and Neelobol Neungtond
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri Ayudthaya Road, Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand The Government Pharmaceutical Organization, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Sri Ayudthaya Road, Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
Received 15 June 2002; revised 10 September 2003; accepted 22 September 2003. ; Available online 5 December 2003.
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidative properties of crude methanolic extract (CME) from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana (family Guttiferae) using human breast cancer (SKBR3) cell line as a model system. SKBR3 cells were cultured in the presence of CME at various concentrations (0–50 g/ml) for 48 h and the percentage of cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di phenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. CME showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation with ED50 of 9.25±0.64 g/ml. We found that antiproliferative effect of CME was associated with apoptosis on breast cancer cell line by determinations of morphological changes and oligonucleosomal DNA fragments. In addition, CME at various concentrations and incubation times were also found to inhibit ROS production. These investigations suggested that the methanolic extract from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana had strong antiproliferation, potent antioxidation and induction of apoptosis. Thus, it indicates that this substance can show different activities and has potential for cancer chemoprevention which were dose dependent as well as exposure time dependent.

Antiproliferation = stops the cell from spreading

Antioxidation = stops free radical damage which can result in further mutation

Induction of apoptosis = This is a process of cell death - Apoptotic cells break into smaller pieces called apoptotic bodies that other body cells recognize and eat.

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